René Magritte Essay -- Arts Paintings Art History

Ren MagritteBelgian Surrealist artist Ren Magritte was a master not only of theobvious, exactly of the obscure as well. In his artwork, Magritte toyedwith everyday objects, human habits and emotions, placing them inforeign contexts and questioning their familiar meanings. He suggestednew interpretations of old things in his deceivingly simple(a) paintings,making the commonplace pro plunge and the rational irrational. Hepainted his canvasses in the same manner as he lived his life -- instrange taciturnity and under constant analysis. Magritte was born in 1898in the small town of Lessines, a cosmopolitan area of Belgium that wasgreatly influenced by the French. Twelve years later, Magritte, onwith his parents and two younger brothers, moved to Chtelet, wherethe future artist studied sketching.On vacations with his grandmother and Aunt Flora during the summermonths, Magritte frequented an old cemetery at Soignies. In thiscemetery, Magritte often played with a little girl, opening t rap doorsand descending into underground vaults. This experience would prove agreat influence upon his later artwork, as wooden caskets and granitetombstones recur in many of his paintings. Magritte also developed afascination with religion around this time, often dressing up as apriest and holding mock mass services in complete seriousness. In1912, Rgina Bertinchamp, Magrittes mother, committed suicide bydrowning herself in the Sambre River. The night of her suicide, theMagrittes followed Bertinchamps footprints to the river, where theyfound her dead with her nightgown wrapped around her face. Magrittewas 14 at the time. He would claim years later that his onlyrecollection of his mothers death was his pride at being the centerof attention and his subsequent identity formation as the son of adead woman. Some critics point out that several of the subjects inMagrittes paintings are veiled in white sheets as a reference to hismothers suicide.A year later, Magrittes father moved the fam ily to Charleroi. It wasin Charleroi that Magritte would meet his future wife Georgette Bergeron a carousel at the town fair. However, the two would not see oneanother again until a chance meeting in Brussels years later. InCharleroi, Magritte quickly lost interest in his studies and asked hisfather for permission to study at the Acadmie des Beaux-Arts inBrussels. ... ... Faubourgin Paris. The order of battle caused much scandal, but won few admirers.Soon after, Magritte resigned to his original style, though hebitterly attributed this retroaction to his desire to pleaseGeorgette, who preferred his earlier paintings.He keep to acquire much success all over the world withpaintings such as LEmpire des Lumires (The Empire of Lights, 1954),which employed standard Surrealist techniques and precise Magrittelines. On August 15, 1967, Magritte died in Brussels. Unlike many ofhis Surrealist counterparts, Magritte lived quite humbly and inconuously. He did not draw much attention to himse lf, and he lived liferelatively uneventfully. condescension his unassuming lifestyle, though,Magritte managed to leave an artistic legacy of transforming theordinary into the fantastic. While some art historians attributeMagrittes art to his desire to oppose and combat the triviality ofeveryday life, others suggest that his work goes beyond escapism andserves to reveal some of the murkier and complex aspects of the humancondition.Whatever the impetus was for his art, it is certain that Magrittesworks are at erst hauntingly beautiful and deeply provocative.

Brave New World Essay -- essays research papers

Brave New WorldThere is a great deal of evidence that supports the idea that we, in the twenty first century, are headed toward the society described by Huxley in Brave New World. Such things as advances in technology, government yearning for complete control, and an uncontrollable world commonwealth are many of the reasons Huxleys world might become our own.Scientific advancements in technology are made everyday. The Bokanovsky Process is one of these advancements that could possibly be made. It is not impossible to create 96 embryos from one egg. This is based on the premise of cloning. In Huxleys world, cloning is a reality, as it is today. Many advances in the cloning system are being made everyday and "mass production" of people is not an impossibility in the near future...

An Inspiration :: Personal Narrative Writing

An Inspiration Just try it. It couldnt hurt to try, my high-school advertising teacher evermore reminded me. Mrs. Panarelli wanted me to apply for a scholarship given by the business department in my school. I thought about all the other applicants I had no chance whatsoever. I decided to express my feelings to her. In doing so I noticed a solemn look come across her face. I asked her what was wrong, and she said, I dont want you to be intimidated by the other educatees, their averages, or their SAT scores this is a very good hazard for you. Finally, she convinced me to apply for it. I had to write a resum, an application letter, and schedule an interview. To my surprise, this was a big deal for the business department. When going on the interview, one had to attire as if applying for a job. The amount the scholarship awarded was not very much, just enough to recognize your accomplishments in this field. Like Nicholas Gage, the author of The Teacher Who Changed My Lif e, his Ms. Hurd was my Mrs. Panarelli, the teacher who would make up my mentor and my muse (187). Both teachers find their students interests and shape them to achieve the highest standings in their chosen field. With motivation and compassion, both Nicholas and I worked endlessly to prove our potential to Ms. Hurd and Mrs. Panarelli. In a myriad of ways, the teaching methods of both my advertising teacher and Nicholas English teacher are similar. Before I set foot into Mrs. Panarellis illume classroom, I had never been interested in majoring or even succeeding in the field of business. Advertising II, in my school, was an elective which was well known as a time sucker, meaning it was an easy course that would only help your average and fill up your schedule. To be honest, like every other student in the class, I did not take it seriously. However, it became serious when I was made aware of the grades I was getting. Something didnt seem right. I was not slacking off. I wa s doing my work well, perhaps not to my potential, but I wasnt getting the grades I expected. Many times I would look around the room at others and what their work was like, and I couldnt believe it.

Bontsha And Gimpel :: essays research papers

Faith is believed to be one of the most important elements attached to the life of a human being. Faith brings meaning to life. It is the issue that ties a person to life no matter the struggle encountered. Whenever some one looses corporate trust in the people of their society, all he has felt is a religious believe which can be translated into &8220faith in God(s). In the stories &8220Bontsha the Silent and &8220Gimpel the Fool by Isaac Loeb Peretz and Isaac Bashevis Singer respectively, the protagonists are victims of tremendous sufferings, where faith is the only way out. However, the faith focused by both authors differ somewhat. Peretz prioritizes faith in the divine, while Singer elaborates faith in man around their protagonists.First, in his tale &8220Bontsha the Silent, Peretz seems to put forward that a person who has lost faith in man ought to have, at least, faith God. One must not go without faith just because he had run into some sort of difficulty or been victim of injustice during his life. Peretz expresses his believe through the main character, Bontsha. He describes Bontsha as the most unfortunate imaginable human being on earth and yet never complaining about his adversity. Ever since the first day Bontsha was innate(p), no one has cared of him. He was born with silence and passed away with silence. During his lifetime, he had to haul heavy loads stumbling at each step and begged for the pennies that were rightfully his, and even then, sometimes he did not thump paid. Further, he knew he had been taken advantage of, and still, he remained silent. Once he had run into luck by saving a man&8217s life who then made him a coachman and married him off. But his luck did not last for long, as his great benefactor and philanthropist went into bankruptcy and never got what he had earned. Peretz develops his character in such way implying that perhaps Bontsha had so much faith in God that he did not care any of his sufferings he lost hope with mankind. When all faith for man is lost, one should at least believe in God for he might be rewarded in &8220the other world. Indeed, when Bontsha dies, he rewarded for having maintained his faith in God and never complained to him.Second, in &8220Gimpel the Fool, Singer demonstrates the importance of faith in man one must have.

Brainstem Injuries and the Neuropsychologist Essay -- Neuropsychology

Brainstem Injuries and the Neuropsychologist The Neuropsychologist plays an essential function in assessment and rehabilitation after an tarnish to the head. Neuropsychologists essentially bear responsibility for testing and tracking the patients thinking ability. Below are key functions provided by clinical neuropsychologists - Carrying out detailed assessments of cognition, emotion, behavior, and social competency - Devising and implementing training programs - Liaising with educational agencies/ employers to advise on the resumption of educational/ vocational life - Advising on the management cognitive deficits/ disabilities - Advising and providing long term care - Providing psychotherapeutic input to address the emotional impact of injury and disabilities - Facilitating personal, family, and social adjustment (Halligan 2003). A screening for a neuropsychological military rating should be do as soon as possible after an injury to the brain or in this case, brains tem. A comprehensive evaluation is necessary if complaints and or problems persist. In close to cases, an evaluation is performed biannually for the first two years, and as necessary, depending on the subjectivity of the patients status. An exam by the neuropsychologist typically involves a wide variety of tasks, most of which are done sitting at a table or at bedside in a hospital (www.neuropsychologycentral.com, 2002). The examination is non-invasive, and usually is not painful. The evaluation often takes 6 to 8 hours of face-to-face contact, but can vary widely depending on what information is being sought (www.neuropsychologycentral.com, 2002). Test results are used, depending o... ...y 1, 2005 from http//www.neuropsychologycentral.com/ user interface/content/resources/resources_interface_frameset.html. University of Florida (2005). Medical Informatics Introduction to Clinical Neurology. Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http//medinfo.ufl.edu/year2/neuro/review/bsc.html. Josep h Landolfi (2005). Brainstem Gliomas. Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http//www.emedicine.com/NEURO/topic40.htm. Spencer, Rick (2005). Brain Injury 101. Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http//www.rickspencer.com/Headinjurylaw/brain101.htm. Theodosopoulos, Philip Burton, Lisa Wagner, Becky Splitt, Nancee (2005). Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http//www.mayfieldclinic.com/PE-BrainTumor.htm. Reiter, Jamie (2003). trip Toward Recovery A Brain Injury Guide For Families. Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http//www.sdbif.org/Guide/SDBIF_Guide_Eng.pdf.

Brainstem Injuries and the Neuropsychologist Essay -- Neuropsychology

Brainstem Injuries and the Neuropsychologist The Neuropsychologist plays an essential function in assessment and replacement after an injury to the head. Neuropsychologists essentially bear responsibility for testing and tracking the patients thinking ability. Below are key functions provided by clinical neuropsychologists - Carrying out exact assessments of cognition, emotion, behavior, and social competence - Devising and implementing training programs - Liaising with educational agencies/ employers to advise on the resumption of educational/ vocational life - Advising on the management cognitive deficits/ disabilities - Advising and providing huge term care - Providing psychotherapeutic input to address the emotional impact of injury and disabilities - Facilitating personal, family, and social adjustment (Halligan 2003). A screening for a neuropsychological military rating should be done as soon as possible after an injury to the brain or in this case, brainstem. A comprehensive evaluation is needed if complaints and or problems persist. In most cases, an evaluation is performed biannually for the first two years, and as necessary, depending on the subjectivity of the patients status. An exam by the neuropsychologist typically involves a dewy-eyed variety of tasks, most of which are done sitting at a table or at bedside in a hospital (www.neuropsychologycentral.com, 2002). The examination is non-invasive, and commonly is not painful. The evaluation often takes 6 to 8 hours of face-to-face contact, but can vary widely depending on what information is being sought (www.neuropsychologycentral.com, 2002). discharge results are used, depending o... ...y 1, 2005 from http//www.neuropsychologycentral.com/interface/content/resources/resources_interface_frameset.html. University of Florida (2005). Medical Informatics Introduction to Clinical Neurology. Retrieved may 1, 2005 from http//medinfo.ufl.edu/year2/neuro/review/bsc.html. Joseph L andolfi (2005). Brainstem Gliomas. Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http//www.emedicine.com/NEURO/topic40.htm. Spencer, Rick (2005). Brain Injury 101. Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http//www.rickspencer.com/Headinjurylaw/brain101.htm. Theodosopoulos, Philip Burton, Lisa Wagner, Becky Splitt, Nancee (2005). Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http//www.mayfieldclinic.com/PE-BrainTumor.htm. Reiter, Jamie (2003). Journey Toward Recovery A Brain Injury Guide For Families. Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http//www.sdbif.org/Guide/SDBIF_Guide_Eng.pdf.

Kite Runner Reflection Essay

Narrated by Amir, a novelist living in California, The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini tells the entrancing story of a young friendship destroyed by jealousy, fear, and the kind of ongoing evil that develops at some point during politics.A par aloneel association the loss and redemption in this novel is the story of todays inhospitable environments in Afghaniistan and of Amirs guilt-ridden relationship with the rundown metropolis of his birth. If you went from the Shar-e-Nau section to Kerteh-Parwan to buy a carpet, you risked getting shot by a sniper or getting blown up by a rocket-if you got past all the checkpoints, that was.You practically needed a visa to go from one neighborhood to the other. So people just stayed put, prayed the next rocket wouldnt hit their home. (Hosseini 256). In the modern world, Afghanistan is just as it is portrayed in this novel. The climates have not changed and the community acceptance has diminished.The Kite Runner begins in the final days of an Af ghan kings 40-year reign and traces the countrys fall from a loving community to a tasteless, inhospitable environment controlled by the Russians, followed by the red Taliban. When Amir returns to Kabul to rescue Hassans orphaned child, the personal and the political get tangled together.Todays laws are based for majority on past ones. Laws and regulations in Afghanistan have merely gotten worse over the past few decades and there doesnt seem to be some(prenominal) hope for any betterment in the future. Its very heart wrenching when I see on television pictures of children, much younger than us, that have significantly nonentity compared to what we have today. It makes me think and appreciate everything thats been given to me in my lifetime. I know it is much more than most and I am very appreciative of it.There are a few similarities between Canada and the Middle East, but very few. There are laws yes, however the severity of the punishment only worsens. In this novel, we see th at when the Taliban are ruling Kabul, they are very persistent when it comes to abiding the law. If you look at them the wrong way, your life could be taken very considerably without them thinking twice. They will never regret it. In the novel they are monsters who thrive on the punishment of others. No regrets hang over them. No matter what, it will always be that way.

Cari’s Story Essay

A)How could an infection in Caris nasal passages and pharynx blossom into her sinuses? The infection in Caris nasal passages and pharynx was able to spread into her sinuses due to the sinuses being a drainage area for the nasal passages.B)What is the cough reflex action? Describe the process that Caris respiratory system is using to clear her lungs by coughing. The cough reflex is used to clear sputum and irritants that are in the nasal passages and pharynx. There are cilia in her trachea that is moving mucus up from the lungs. When the mucus becomes abundant it triggers the cough reflex.C)Which structures found in the terminal bronchioles and alveoli normally would protect Caris lungs from infectious pathogens and particulate matter? There are macrophages found in the terminal bronchioles and alveoli that normally would protect Caris lungs from infectious pathogens and particulate matter.D)How would the opposition of Caris airways be affected by excess mucus and fluid in her lung s? The excess mucus and fluid in the lungs would raise the resistance of Caris airways because of the small diameter the buildup would cause. The fluid would have some of alveoli under water where they could not function properly and there would also be to a greater extent friction from the buildup.E)How would Caris lung compliance be demasculinizeed as her alveoli fill with fluid due to pneumonia? Caris lung compliance would increase from trying to force gases into and off of the alveoli. Those are filled with fluid due to the pneumonia.F)How would fluid in Caris lungs affect her add together lung capacity? The fluid in Caris lungs would lower her total lung capacity by not allowing the space that is taken up by the fluid to be filled with air.G)How does the elevation of Caris respiratory rate alter her minute ventilation? The elevation in her respiratory rate would alter her minute ventilation by raising it. Minute ventilation is determined by times ing respiratory rate by tota l volume.H)Normal blood atomic number 8 saturation trains are greater than 94 percent Caris blood group O saturation direct was 90 percent at the time of her exam and an initial arterial blood gas analysis done when she was admitted to the hospital revealed her arterial Po2 was 54 mmHg. How do these clinical findings relate to the internal respiration in Caris body? The clinical finding of 90% oxygen saturation level and a Po2 of mmHg would show that the arteries are having too much oxygen, since a normal Po2 of a resting person is 40 mmHg and exercises lower Po2 levels. A normal resting oxygen levelshould be about 94% with no added Oxygen.I)Which of the types has described are due to lack of oxygen and reduced oxygen exchange at her tissues? Caris symptom of panting like a dog is due to the lack of oxygen and reduces oxygen exchange at her tissues.J)As Caris Pco2 rose, how was the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin affected? The oxygen carrying capacity of hemoglobin with rising Pco2 will decrease since CO2 will take O2s seat on the short bus.K)How would you of expected Caris decrease Pco2 and alkaline blood pH to have affected her breathing? As acidity increases (pH decreases), it enhances the unloading of oxygen from hemoglobin.L)How would administration of oxygen enhance Caris interchange drive to breath? Giving Cari proper steady flow oxygen will keep her body from having to work harder to breathe.M)Which anatomical structures in Caris respiratory system were initially involved?N)Why was Cari plagued with a chronic smokers cough?Because Cari is a smoker this has caused the cilia in her respiratory passages to become irritated.O)Which damaging make of tobacco smoke led to Caris impaired respiratory defense mechanisms? Impaired alveolar macrophages can lead to the impaired defense. The physiological sites and mechanisms by which nicotine acts on the brain.P)How did the pneumonia affect Caris lung function?Pneumonia can reduce the ability of the lungs to allow oxygen diffusion across the alveoli.

Energy and Water Saving Ideas for Schools

Water-Saving Ideas for Schools Free ? Repair leaky faucets and toilets passim the school building. ? Encourage maintenance staff to avoid development hoses or pressure washers to clean sidewalks and another(prenominal) paved areas. ? Never allow water to run unnecessarily, and avoid development the toilet as a throw away can. ? Avoid overuse of the air conditioning the harder it works, the more water (and zipper ) is used to cool the building. ? Encourage your schools cafeteria staff to avoid using trays when possible. Fewer items to wash means less water is used to wash them ?Research the water needs of the plants currently found on the school grounds. adjudicate how often they require water, and request that maintenance staff only water the plants and grounds as required by the plants. ? Make sure sprinkler systems are water plants and not spraying water onto sidewalks or other paved areas. ? Develop a poster campaign to help educate the school community on water-conservin g behaviors such as repairing leaks, turning off the water while washing hands, avoiding overuse of air conditioning, landscaping with native plants, etc.Low-cost ? Install faucet aerators, low-flow showerheads and other water-saving devices throughout the school. ? Construct a rain garden or native plants garden on the school grounds. ? Install rain barrels on school grounds. ? focalise mulch around plants to reduce evaporation. ? Install timers and moisture sensors on irrigation equipment used on school grounds. ? Research the WaterSense program and encourage the school administration to get WaterSense products when equipment needs replacing.National Environmental Education Week is April 11-17, 2010 Be Water and Energy Wise www. eeweek. org Energy-Saving Ideas for Schools Free ? Set the classroom (or school-wide) thermostat so it is slightly warm in the summer and cooler in the winter. ? whizt a carpooling program at your school and encourage students to ride the school bus or carpool sooner than having their individual parents drive them to school. ? If your classroom has windows and gets plenty of natural light, open the blinds and turn off the lights when not required. Check for and repair leaks around windows and doors where air conditioning and awaken can escape. ? Plug all computers, televisions, printers, copiers, and other equipment into power strips, and turn off the strips when the devices are not in use. Even when turned off, many electronics use energy even when theyre in standby mode. ? Pack lunches (in reusable containers ) that dont require heating. ? Ensure that heating and cooling vents are clear of obstruction. ?Create a schedule and put students in charge of turning off energy-consuming devices in the classroom (printers, computers, lights, etc. ). ? Increase the amount of insulation on water heaters and acid water pipes. ? Develop a poster campaign to help educate the school community on energy-conserving behaviors such as turning o ff lights, computers, and other equipment when not in use, keeping doors and windows closed to reduce heating and cooling system waste, washing clothes and dishes in full loads using frore water, etc.Low-cost ? Replace classroom light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs. ? Research the Energy Star program and encourage the school administration to purchase Energy Star products when equipment needs replacing. ? Plant deciduous trees around the school building. Trees help reduce heating and cooling costs by shading the building during warm months and by providing a wind break during the winter. National Environmental Education Week is April 11-17, 2010 Be Water and Energy Wise www. eeweek. org

Energy crisis

An muscle crisis Is any great shortf in all (or price rise) In the show of energy resources to an economy. It usually refers to the shortage of vegetable oil and additionally to electrlclty or new(prenominal) natural resources. The crlsls often has effects on the rest of the economy, with many recessions world caused by an energy crisis in some form. In particular, the production costs of electricity rise, which raises manufacturing costs.For the consumer, the price of gasoline (petrol) and diesel for cars and other vehicles rises, leading to reduced consumer confidence and spending, higher(prenominal) trans appearanceation osts and general price rising. AIM 2. The aim of this assignment is to highlight the crises which Pakistan is facing in terms of energy. MAIN BODY 3. Energy resources get under ones skin crushed Whatever resources are available are simply too expensive to buy or already acquired by countries which had mean and acted long time ago.Delayed efforts In the exp loration celestial sphere have not been able to find sufficient amounts of energy resources. Nations of the world which have their own militia are not render energy resources anymore only the old contracts made decades ago are active. Airplanes, trains, cars, motorbikes, buses and trucks, all odes of transportation are coming to a stand still. Many industries have closed due to insufficient office staff affix. Price of oil has gone above the ceiling. At domestic level, alternate methods like solar, biogas and other methods are being tried for mere survival 4.The above is a likely scenario of Pakistan and around the globe after 25 yrs. A pessimistic view, save realistic large to think about and plan for the future. But are we doing anything about it? Lets have a look at the current energy situation of Pakistan and the world. Pakistans economy is perform at a very high note with GDP growing at an exceptional rate, touching 8. 5% in 2004-05. 1n its history of 58 eld, there h as been only a few golden years where the economy grew above 7%.This year official expectations are that GDP growth rate leave be around 6. 5 7. 0%. For the coming years, the g all all overnment Is targeting GDP growth rate above With economy growing at such a pace, the energy indispensablenesss are likely to increase with a similar rate. For 2004-05, Pakistans energy consumption touched 55. 5 MTOE (Million Tons of Oil Equivalent). 5. The energy consumption is evaluate to grow at dual digit if the general economy sustains the targeted GDP growth rate of 6% by the government.Pakistans energy requirements are expected to double in the next few years, and our energy requirements by 2015 is likely to cross 120MTOE. By 2030, the nations requirement will be 7 times the current requirement reaching 361 MTOE. Pakistans energy requirements are fulfilled with more than 80% of energy resources through Imports. 6. Pakistan is most likely to face a major energy crisis in natural gas, in dicant and oll In the next three to four years that could choke the economic growth for many years to come, official estimates and energy experts suggest.Pakistans complete energy requirement would Increase by about 48 per cent to 80 million ons of oil equivalent (MTOE) in 2010 from about 54 MTOE currently, but major petroleum minister on condition of anonymity for the simple reason that he had as well as served the present government. 8. Major shortfall is expected in the natural gas supplies, he say. According to official energy study forecast, he added, the demand for natural gas, having about 50 per cent share in the rurals energy consumption, would increase by 44 per cent to 39 MTOE from 27 MTOE currently.Partly contributed by gas shortfalls, the power shortage is expected to be little over 5,250MW by 2010, he said, adding that the oil demand would also increase by over 23 er cent to about 21 million scads in 2010 from the current demand of 16. 8 million tons. This would leave a total deficit of about nine million tons of diesel and furnace oil events, he said. Since the gas shortfalls were expected to be much higher, the country would need to enhance its dependence on imported oil, thus increasing pressure on foreign exchange situation, he added. 7.According to the former minister, the government had planned five major initiatives to meet these energy requirements. They included three gas import pipelines, Gwadar port as energy hub and LNG import. However, four of these measures, including the three import pipeline working classs, show no signs of progress for various reasons while concentration on energy facilities in Gwadar would chiefly depend on security situation, besides oil and gas import pipelines. 8. Planning Commission sources said the government had planned to add an overall power generation mental ability of about 7,880MW by 2010.Of this, about 4,860MW is to be based on natural gas, accounting for 61 per cent of capacity expansion. H owever, the gas-based power expansion of about 4,860MW would remain in doubt since these estimates were based on gas import options for ompletion in 2010, 201 5 and 2020, said the sources. The fifth initiative of LNG import was on schedule and would start delivering about 0. 3 billion cubic feet of gas (BCFD) by 2009 and another 0. 5 BCFD by 201 5, said the sources. 13. Pakistans gas reserves are 32. TCF at present, with reserve-production ratio in the order of 27 years, considering that domestic production does not grow substantially. Power sector demand represents 41 per cent of total gas consumption, general industries 24 per cent, fertiliser 7. 8 per cent and domestic-commercial 22. 8 per cent, cement 1. 5 per cent and CNG 2. 8 per cent. . Demand growth has been up to 8. 5 per cent in recent years and is expected to be seven per cent with power industries and domestic consumption accounting for 82 per cent.Gas demand already displays seasonal pattern with national demand growing in overwinter beyond transmission capacity. Therefore, supplies to large users mainly industries and power plants are curtailed during winter months to ensure supplies to domestic, commercial and small industries. Annual production at present is about 1. 16 TCF. 10. The country may plunge into energy crisis by the year 2007 due to rising electricity demand which nters into double digit fgure following increasing sale of galvanic and electronic appliances on lease finance, it is reliably learnt Thursday. The country may face energy crisis by the year 2007 following healthy growth of 13 per cent in electricity demand during the last quarter, which will erode surplus production in absence of commissioning of any new power generation control during this monetary year, informed sources told The Nation. 11. As per Pakistan scotch Survey 2003-04, electricity consumption has increased by 8. 6 per cent during first three-quarter of demand surged up to 13 per cent during last quarter. T he survey said household sector has been the largest consumer of electricity accounting for 44. per cent of total electricity consumption followed by industries 31. 1 per cent, agriculture 14. 3 per cent, other government sector 7. 4 per cent, commercial 5. 5 per cent and street light 0. 7 per cent. 12. Keeping in view the past trend and the future development, WAPDA has also revise its load forecast to eight per cent per annum as against previous estimates of five per cent on average. Even the revised load forecast has also failed all assessments due to which Authority has left no other option but to start load anagement this year, which may convert into scheduled load shedding over a period of two year, sources maintained.The country needs a quantum Jump in electricity generation in medium-term scenario to revert the possibilities of load shedding in future due to shrinking gap amidst demand and supply of electricity at peak hours. 13. According to an official report, the gap bet ween faithful supply and peak hours demand has already been shrunk to three digit (440 MW) during this fiscal and will slip into negative columns next year (-441 MW) and further intensify to (-1 ,457 MW) during the financial year 2006-07.The report maintained that the difference between firm supply and peak demand is estimated at 5,529 MW by the year 2009-10 when firm electricity supply will stand at 1 5,055 MW against peak demand of 20,584 MW. 14. Chairman WAPDA Tariq Hamid at a Press conference early this year warned about the attainable energy crisis and stressed the need for quantum Jump in power generation. The experts say it could only be possible through a mega project of hydropower generation, otherwise the gap between firm supply and peak demand will remain on the rise.They said the power generation projects, which are due to ommission in coming years are of low capacity and will not be able to exceed the surging demand of the electricity. 15. They say no power generation project will commission during this fiscal year and the total installed capacity of electricity generation will remain 19,478 MW to meet 15,082 MW firm supply and 14,642 MW peak demand. large details of projects, the sources said Malakand-lll (81 MW), Pehur (18MW) and combined cycle power plant at Faisalabad (450MW) are planned to be commissioned during the year 2007.Mangla Dam raising project would also add 1 50 MW capacity to the national grid by June 2007. Besides this, Khan Khwar (72MW), Allai Khwar (121 MW), Duber Khwar (130MW) and Kayal Khwar (130MW) are expected to be completed in 2008 along with Golan Gol (106MW) and Jinnah (96MW). Moreover, Matiltan (84MW), New Bong Escape (79MW) and RaJdhani (132MW) are expected by 2009 while Taunsa (120MW) is likely to be completed by 2010. Sources say WAPDA has also planned to install a high expertness combined cycle power plant at Baloki (450MW), which is expected to be completed by 2010.In addition of these, power plant 1 & 2 of 300 MW each at Thar Coal with the assistance of China are also lanned for commissioning in 2009, sources said. Moreover, efforts are also under way with China National Nuclear Corporation for the construction of a third nuclear power plant with a gross capacity of 325 MW at Chashma, they added. 23. RECOMMENDATIONS that is generally considered feasible for tropical and equatorial countries.Even though the accepted standard is 1,000 W/m2 of peak power at sea level, an average solar panel (or photovoltaic PV panel), delivers an average of only 19-56W/m2. Solar plants are generally used in cases where smaller amounts of power are required at irrelevant locations. PV is also the most expensive of all options making it less attractive. b. Industrialization around the world has taken place because of the abundance of reliable and cheap electrical power (infrastructure, human resource and government incentives follow).Reliable and cheap availability of electric power in Pakistan will lead t o large-scale investment in industry, creation of Jobs, elimination of unemployment and poverty, greater manufacturing and exports, trade surplus and the reduction of deficits. It will lead toa prosperous Pakistan. c. Smaller windmills are also very feasible for remote villages, and in desert, mountainous and oastal regions, cutting down on the cost of power transmission and distribution networks. In remote farmlands, they have been successfully used for decades in the linked States and Europe d.The supply of natural gas in Pakistan has been depleting over the years, and the country is now looking at the option of importing gas from Qatar and Central Asia. This leaves the speculation of exploring nuclear, coal and other alternative energy sources. e. Nuclear energy and coal form the lowest source of power production in Pakistan. On the other hand, the world average for nuclear energy is 16 per cent and for coal 40 per cent. There have been alarming predictions by groups such as th e familiarity of Rome that the world would run out of oil in the late 20th century.CONCLUSION 24. Although technology has made oil extraction more efficient, the world is having to argue to provide oil by using increasingly costly and less productive methods such as deep sea drilling, and developing environmentally elegant areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The worlds population continues to grow at a quarter of a million people per day, increasing the consumption of energy. The per capita energy consumption of China, India and other developing nations continues to ncrease as the people living in these countries adopt western lifestyles.At present a small part of the worlds population consumes a large part of its resources, with the United States and its population of 296 million people consuming more oil than China with its population of 1. 3 billion people. Efficiency mechanisms such as Negawatt power can provide significantly increased supply. It is a term used to describe the trading of increased efficiency, using consumption efficiency to increase available market supply rather than by increasing plant generation capacity.

Types of Planning

INTRODUCTION Besides organizing, controlling and leading, intend is single of the counselling functions. Good planning is crucial to enable an organization to function effectively. Planning is done for two purposes, firstly as a protection to the organization and secondly to increase the affirmative levels of an organization according to C. W. Roney (Certo, 2000). As a protection to the organization, a carer can forecast the effects from each of the suggestions or alternative actions that will be carried out.Then managers will be able to ensure what fates to be done, how to carry out the actions, why it has to be done, when to do it, who should implement it with squ ar-toed planning. And it is done to increase the affirmative levels of an organization. According to Fayol The plan of action is, at one and the same time, the result envisaged, the line of action to be followed, the stages to go through, and the methods to use. It is a kind of future picture wherein proximate ev ents are outlined with some distinctness.Planning is deciding in advance what is to be done. It involves the selection of objectives, policies, procedures and programs from among alternatives. A plan is a predetermined raceway of action to achieve a specified goal. It is a statement of objectives to be achieved by certain means in the future. In short, it is a blueprint for action. Louis A Allen Management planning involves the development of forecasts, objectives, policies, programs procedures, schedules and budgets. Theo Haimann Planning is deciding in advance what is to be done.When a manager plans, he projects a course of action, for the future, attempting to achieve a consistent, co-ordinated structure of operations aimed at the desired results. Koontz ODonnell Planning is an intellectual process, the conscious de marge of courses of action, the basing of decisions on purpose, acts and considered estimates. .TYPES OF PLANNING According to Dessler (2001) on that point are thre e main types of planning which are planning based on format, organization hierarchy and frequency of use. PLANNING BASED ON FORMATDescriptive planning is a planning written in the form of statements that state what needs to be achieved and how it is achievable for causa, planning of an individuals career. Budgeting is plan that stated quantitatively by using financial terms. Graphics planning is a planning that explains what needs to be achieved and how to achieve it in the form of charts. For example Gantt chart, it illustrates the time boundary required in order to implement an activity in the form of bar chart. PLANNING BASED ON ORGANIZATIONAL HIERARCHY There are three levels in an organization top guidance, middle management, lower management.Top management (strategic plan) Strategic planning focuses on long issues for the survival, taketh, and overall effectiveness of the organization. Companies need to be visionary, and must develop long-term strategies to meet changing conditions in their industries. Strategic planning involves developing a strategy to meet competition and ensure long-term survival and growth. The foodstuff function plays an important role in this process in that to provides information and other in frame ins to help in the preparation of the organizations strategic plan long term plan. middle(a) management (tactical plan)Tactical planning focuses their goals on a shorter time frame, usually ranging from one month to one year. Middle managers give authority and responsibility to team leaders or supervisors, after that they provide direction, necessary resources, and feedback on doance as tasks are completed. Usually they need more detailed information than top managers, but less information than team leaders and supervisors. They also use blood underpin systems, knowledge management systems, and user productivity systems to perform their jobs. Lower management ( operational plan) Lower management carries out day-to-dayoperat ional plans.Operational employees primarily receive data that they need to perform their jobs day to day. In many companies, operational employees also need information to handle tasks and make decisions that were assigned to supervisors which is calledempowerment, and gives employees more responsibility and accountability. PLANNING BASED ON FREQUENCY OF USE One time usage planning is a planning that is only used once. Specially prepared to fulfill specific purposes. For example the organization may open more than one branch, but each plan made only applicable to the specific branch only.Because it have unalike resources like money, manpower, customers distribution, size of the branch area etc. Standing plan is a planning that is repeatedly used. Used to manage situations that oft arise in an organization such as employees disciplinary problems. Standing plans have three types which are policy, procedure and regulations. i. Policy Principles or general guidelines to manage situati ons. ii. Procedure Actions or process that must be taken if a certain situation arises. iii. Regulations Specific guidelines when taking an action. WORKPLACE HISTORYMalaysia Airline System Berhad is doing business as Malaysia Airlines since its inception as anindependent airlinein 1987. Proudly running as the national-flag carrier of Malaysia from main home base of Kuala Lumpur International airport (KLIA) with secondary hubs at Kuching and Kota Kinabalu on the second island of the Malaysian state. With a concentration of network on both regional as well as internationalist sectors, MAS has come to be known as world renowned airlines well as a local favorite along with its subsidiary, MAS Wings, because of staff hospitality and its marketing campaigns.It has been understood that there are various issues and opportunities that are being faced to MAS. Some of these are an overstaffing problem involving more than twenty-thousand employees all over the world. Another one, being incur red net losses of RM 479 million by the third quarter of 2011 and at the end of the fourth quarter the airline had incurred a loss of RM 2524 million, indicating a genuine decrease from a profit of RM 234 million in the previous year. Malaysia Airlines Vision is to be the Preferred Premium Carrier by using A380 as the flagship product.To deliver the vision, Malaysia Airlines mission is to be the best-in-class, top 10 commercially viable airline in the Asia Pacific region that returns sustainable profits to the shareholders. Business plan updated June 2012 recuperation PLAN (TOP MANAGEMENT) BUILD A PROFITABLE NETWORK Malaysia Airlines will realign the network based on demand and profitability result in the termination of MAS highly unprofitable routes to South Africa and Argentina and its only destination in Latin America.Other long hauls routes that unprofitable will also be eliminated MAS will position aircraft optimally to suit mission and for cost effectiveness. WIN BACK CUST OMERS Malaysia Airlines will completely revamp the commercial team to improve performance and review gross revenue and distribution channels. MAS plans to win or gain back its premium long hauls passengers through changing its carriers. A phase-out of MAS ageing widebody aircraft will be pursued and concurrently new passenger facilities will be introduced.By the end of 2013 the carrier will be operating only three types of modern widebody aircraft A330-300s, B777-200ERs and A380s. Then MAS will put in place best-in-class revenue management to fix corporate travel business and revamp our internet booking engine. MAS will enhancing our marketing and branding efforts and grow ancillary revenues. RELENTLESS COST FOCUS Malaysia Airlines will radically improve productivity and efficiency by increased aircraft utilization. Then MAS will streamline assets and resources crosswise group. After that MAS will review and revamp legacy rocesses and work practices and reduce reliance on 3rdparty and in source jobs where possible. Lastly overhaul the procurement and spying practices, and review existing contracts for greater cost savings. BRIDGE THE FUNDING GAP The funding gap that must be bridged given the aircraft deliveries of 2012. This bridge has five pillars of support 1. Positive operating cash flow 2. New debt and leasing arrangements 3. Working capital boost via the return of pre-delivery payment deposits 4. Proceeds from potential spin-offs 5. Unwavering support of our shareholdersGAME CHANGERS (MIDDLE MANAGEMENT) i. usurp regional point-to-point traffic * Deepen and optimize regional & domestic networks * Shift focus to point-to-point traffic markets * Optimize traffic hubs in KLIA, PEN, KCH, BKI ii. Alliance and partnerships * Enter one world for greater market access, connecting traffic flows, and seamless frequent flyer arrangements * Explore collaboration and joint venture opportunities to capture new markets and consolidate market position while reducing the financial risks of participating individually. iii. Profitable ancillary businesses Build a profitable portfolio of ancillary businesses around the core airline presentation (OPERATIONAL PLAN) i. Branded customer experience Improve product quality, including business class product offering in to match best in market and radically improve service levels at all customer service touch points also create and build on service delivery differentiation. ii. Continuous operational improvement Continuously improve processes and work practices by simplify work steps. Remove legacy practices by reduce bureaucracy. Inject innovation in solvent issues and problems. iii. Winning organizationReview organization design and manpower requirements. Improve talent and succession planning. Revamp work rules to increase productivity. Reinforce performance based compensation and rewards. muster up staff through active engagement & communication. REFERENCE Dessler, (2011, 12). Malaysia Airline Business Plan. Retrieved 03, 2013, from http//malaysiaairlines. com/content/dam/mas/master/en/pdf/corporate-info/Malaysia%20Airlines%20Business%20Plan. pdf Unknown, (2013, 06). Malaysia Airline Report. Retrieved 03, 2013, from http//www. scribd. com/doc/97200708/Malaysia-Airline-Report

Strategy Palnning for a farming company LTK

LTK1 was in incarnated on 16th October 1986. It is situated at durian Tunggal District, Malacca. The principal activities of LTK are growthion of chicken testis and manufacturing organic fertilizer. LTK is one of the leading bollock producers in Malaysia. The production capacity of LTK is 1 Million bombard per day. Part of the production is for local consumption while the rest of the production is mended for export. Presently, LTK is exporting to Singapore, Hong Kong and Indonesia.With the collaboration between LTK and MARDI2, LTK hold out the sole producer and distributor of zee 3 bombard in Malaysia. The LTK izzard 3 testis provide up to 5 quantify to a greater extent izzard 3 and 4 times much of Vitamin E compare with ordinary eggs. The consumption of omega 3 leave behind reduce heart disease, hypertension, LDL cholesterol, breast give the axecer, colon toiletcer and rheumatoid arthritis. In additional, Omega 3 is vital for the development of brain and retina tis sues3.The passing(a) production capacity of LTK is 1,500,000. In raise to maintain the quality of eggs, LTK applies TQM throughout the unscathed production impactes.Figure 1.0 Production Flow in LTKChapter 2.0 An analysis of the commercialise, customers and macro conditions of LTKChapter 2.1 Market summaryLTK is one of the leading eggs producers in Malaysia since 16th October 1986.But, Omega eggs are still sunrise(prenominal) in the commercialize. Therefore, in the short term the solicit will still be low in the grocery store. that if the demand of the izzard eggs continues to increase, it will benefit LTK in the future. This can be seen as product development strategy.The market where LTK operates in is some categorisation between perfect competition and monopolistic market. This is because the market is full of egg producers who hold commodity rather than product. On the other hand, this market is full of buyers who grease ones palms eggs for different purposes. so far in term of Omega eggs, LTK has do a right move to shift egg as commodity towards scar product. thusly I assume LTK Omega egg is operating in a monopolistic market.Thus, it is the time LTK have the utter(a) planning and strategic market to satisfy customer requirements profitably and sustain competitive edge in a long runChapter 2.2 Customer AnalysisOmega eggs real are the simple product that the consumers can consume ein truthday. The marketing strategist should keep track of the customers behaviour. It is because the switching cost to buy the eggs is very low.Thus, LTK should foreland research from time to time in order to answer the following research questions and hypothesis. Research school principal Why do consumers buy omega eggs?Hypothesis Consumers manage to understand the explanations make by LTK through TV, newspaper, magazine and salesperson in the distribution outlets, so they buy Omega egg. Research Question Who participates in the buying process?Hypothesi s Most of the time, housewife, mother-in-law or husband participate in the buying process. Research Question Where consumers buy omega eggs?Hypothesis Consumers buy Omega eggs establish on convenient or not.Through years of experience and fieldwork research, LTK understand the consumers behaviour very well. LTK buyers can be divided into 4 categories the retail market, the business market, the government and non-profit organisation. The retail market refers to the normal consumers while the business market refers to confectionaries and bakery in the Confederate part of peninsula Malaysia. On top of that, the government market refers to the barracks or army camps in Johor and Pahang. Lastly the non-profit organisations are like school canteens, old-folk home and orphanages. Above and beyond, LTK excessively concluded that consumers decision would be influenced by some external stimuli. Therefore, LTK not save provide quality eggs, but convenient pack size, reasonable monetary valu e (RM0.399), ordinary eggs same size price (RM0.299) and convenient outlets.Chapter 2.3 PEST AnalysisMalaysia is a potential market for international marketing because the political and intelligent environment is mature and stable. Furthermore, the AFTA agreement enable LTK product to flow freely throughout the whole South East Asia region without political barrier. Thus LTK submit very low or no political risk continuing the operation in Malaysia.Although the overall economic performance in the Malaysia had declined, a thorough study will explain that the decline is mainly due to the poor performance in the global economy. No matter what is said and done, LTK performance will not be badly influenced by the economy because eggs are fast moving household product.From the social perspective, LTK goods should be acceptable because the Malaysian should be aware that their true main source of protein is badly affected by the JE Disease and polluted environment. Thus the society has p hobia towards consumption of pork and poul label, therefore egg is the alternative source of protein and it is a very health source of protein too. Besides, the aging population is as well as very much concerned about their daily eating habit, so LTK product should be acceptable. Besides, I feel that the rate of product diffusion for LTK enriched egg should be faster because the literacy rate for the target market is higher.Figure2.0 Diffusion Process of LTK goodsIn term of technology, there isnt any disadvantage for LTK since the product doesnt require any other technological support. However, biological engineering or medical science might assist LTK to increase its production or reduce the rate of defect.Chapter 2.4 Microenvironment AnalysisAs mentioned above, the enriched egg is new in the Malaysia market hence the level of intense competition is relatively low. Based on Michael Porter 5 forces analysis, there is no bargaining power for supplier because LTK is the supplier.On the other hand, the bargaining power of buyer is very strong because the retailers in Malaysia are corporate giant like Parkson, Jusco, Top, Makro, Carrefour and Fajar.The threat from substitute is low-pitched because the society is suffering beef and pork phobia. Besides, a lot of doctors advise the public to reduce the consumption of red meat and go for the white meat.The launching barrier is the solely to the highest degree worrying factor for LTK as the entry barrier for such industry is very low. Therefore, it is crucial for LTK to establish strong brand equity before the competitors creep into the market.Figure 2.1 Michael Porter 5 forcesChapter 3.0 Internal Corporate and Marketing Conditions (SWOT)The SWOT analysis is one of the most useful marketing planning outfit that aids the analysis of the firms overall situation because it provides a clear picture from complex data.LTK incorporated since 1986, one of the chromas of the ships company is the organization social org anisation is very lean. Therefore, breakdown in communication rarely happened in LTK. Furthermore, the organisation is able to response effectively because the organisation is flexible. In the company, the CEO practices the product crime syndicate management. Therefore, each department are doing their task efficiently.The second strength LTK possesses is the government support. LTK is the only private organisation in Malaysia that is linked with Mardi. Thus there is a lot of technological transfer and LTK manage to save lots of R&D expenditure.The third strength of LTK is that the organisation has a strong goodwill in the market and a lot of chick food suppliers support the company. On top of that, the distribution network of LTK is relatively widespread throughout Peninsula Malaysia.The fourth strength of LTK is the quality standard has been maintained very well throughout these years. The defective and crack rate is lesser that 7.94% for every period of six months.The weakness fo r LTK is miss of fund in conducting research and development. As we known that if the products do not get make betterment sooner or later the competitor will become the leader in the market.The second weakness for LTK is that the production is inelastic within a short period of time. Even when there is a strong demand for the product, LTK is unable to double or triple the production.The opportunities in this market is nowadays consumers are more concern about their health. Omega plus can improve the brain functions can reduce heart disease, hypertension, LDL cholesterol, breast cancer, colon cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, the demand will accelerate due to positive countersignature of mouth and publicity over the press.Besides, the annual population growth in Malaysia is still rising, thus the demand will definitely rise because more mouths to be fed.There is also an opportunity when the AFTA come into the picture. The Omega egg can flow freely to neighbouring countri es and increase sale for the company.The threat to LTK is the competitors enter into the same market. When most of the consumers accept the product, it is also the time more and more players come into this market. Thus, LTK moldiness do more R&D to enhance the quality of the products.Chapter 4.0 A Portfolio Analysis of the Competitive Conditions (BCG)Relative market piece of groundFigure 4.0 BCG MatrixThe Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix is a well-known approach to conduct portfolio analysis that provides corporate strategists with an insight of outstanding strategic relationships between internal cash flows, market share, competitive position and growth trajectories.The characteristic of LTK omega plus eggs in BCG matrix is under STAR. First, it is because LTK is the initial player in the market of omega eggs. Thus LTK havent tapped the total market and the percentage of share is very low. Second, omega eggs are now in a fast growing period and havent reached the maturity sta ge yet. A lot of people are curios about these eggs and some people still do not believe whether the egg is so miracle and reasoned as they claimed.On the other hand, the traditional egg produced by LTK is in the Cash Cow stage. This is because the market growth rate has been stagnant for very long time and the PLC is in the maturity stage. Moreover, the relative market share for LTK is very large if weight against the total market in Malaysia.The profit earned from the traditional eggs can be transferred to develop the star. Although the Omega eggs do not generate substantial profits compare to the ordinary eggs, but LTK believe that the trend is moving towards consumption of such eggs. Strategic contriver mustiness follow the trend in order to develop sound long term strategic plan.Chapter 5.0 Segmentation StrategySegmentation is a process of subdividing broad markets into varied and differing smaller groups of buyers. They are consisting exclusive of characteristics.The benef its of constituentation are strategist able to accumulate sufficient market sector knowledge as well as sustain customer loyalty. LTK also segmented the customers into several clusters. The objective is to avoid confusion and provide strategies with the opportunity to approach available segment with the right marketing strategies.LTK should segment its market based on income level, attitudes towards health, education level and psychographics. It is because the price of omega egg is slightly higher than ordinary eggs. Thus, only certain segments of the consumers are willing to pay for it. For instances, the business market of LTK will not be interested with this new product but to prefer schematic egg to keep the production cost as low as possible. Therefore, LTK market segment should be those in the middle class and it is practical since Malaysia has a relatively big middle class society.The consumers decision whether or not to choose Omega egg also determined by the health senso ry faculty among consumers. It is because in the market there are too many health foods. Therefore, most of the consumers will withdraw that omega egg is just another propaganda made by the producer.Education level is also the main reason LTK should consider since it can influence consumers DMU. It is because the higher education group of consumers only understand the core of Omega 3 and how the eggs can provide up to 5 times more Omega 3 and 4 times more of Vitamin E compare with ordinary eggs. The consumption of Omega 3 will reduce heart disease, hypertension, LDL cholesterol, breast cancer, colon cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. In additional, Omega 3 is vital for the development of brain and retina tissues4.Psychographics also will be the factors that can influence the customers whether to buy or do not buy omega egg. As we know that nowadays majority of the customers prefer to buy the products that have a brand. Previously it is no way that consumers can accept that even egg should have a brand identity. Those days, branded goods were toys of the rich and famous. However, today people perceive branded goods as quality assurance. Thus LTK should portrait a healthy lifestyle image in the overall promotion campaign. LTK should aim those who cherish healthy lifestyle and always engage in exercise or outdoor(prenominal) activities. In such a way, the company not only able to enhance market share but also building up a strong brand equity.Chapter 6.0 Positioning StrategyFor all these years, consumers treat all the eggs are the same. The only noticeable different is the size and the hardness of the shell. However, LTK successfully draw the differentiation line between Omega eggs and the ordinary eggs. Therefore, LTK should position omega substances as the distinctive and important element for the growing years. In such a way, general public as well as target market will draw attention on consuming more omega substances and association such need with buying LT K Omega egg. This is known as classical learning in consumer behaviour study.Chapter 7.0 Marketing ObjectivesMarketing objectives may divide into quantitative and qualitative. In LTK case, the quantitative objective is to detonate the market. The CEO of LTK plans to exploit the South East Asia countries as well as western countries. LTK also cravinges to increase the market share by 35% within the next 5 years. It is because LTK plans to spend 20% of the revenue in advertisement to promote the new product and healthy lifestyle. LTK also wishes to increase profitability by 7.6% in the coming year. In order to improve profitability LTK will empower and attribute more authority for the marketing department and sales force to carry out necessary tasks.The qualitative objectives set by LTK are to build up the company image and products brand equity. Besides, the company also wishes to train more middle managers in line with the strategic expansion. In conjunction with the expansion, LTK also wish to increase the marketing department employee welfare to boost up organisation spirits and morale. Besides, LTK wishes to have stronger affiliation with large-scale retail chains.Chapter 8.0 Marketing Strategy (Strategic Direction)LTK is the market leader a leader must be at a state of constant alertness and maintain watchfulness because other firms will attacks its weaknesses and try to offset LTK strength. The competitors also can do R&D and become more innovate than LTK.Thus, if LTK wish to sustain their positions as a leader, LTK should be more proactive. First, LTK must pursuit the strategy of expanding the total market. LTK should welcome new users including the low-income earner. LTK can categorise the size of the eggs. It is because now omega egg only has one size. If LTK sells the smaller size egg cheaper than the other, lower income consumers will try to buy it. Besides, LTK could develop new market such as South East Asia and EU continent. Thus, LTK not only concentrate the Malaysia market but the afield market too.As the market leader, LTK not only must expand the market, but to protect its current market share. Pre-emptive defence is crucial to undermine the competitors before they do. Furthermore, counter-offensive defence is also necessary to cut off the challengers operational base.Chapter 9.0 Developing the Marketing Programs for LTKIn order to achieve the planned objective, LTK must balance off the attention for domestic and foreign market. Until now, the main focus for LTK should be domestic thus LTK should establish an overseas subsidiary in Asia and other state in Malaysia. However, LTK must always conduct research pertaining the consumer behaviour to segment the market. LTK must bear in nous that consumer insight will differ base on geographical differences. In addition to segmentation, LTK should aim for the most profitable target market. In my humble point of view, I will consider the segment which earning per year is a bove 30,000 with a family size of 2-5 members. This segment will be the single largest segment in Malaysia and Asia countries. Thus the segment is sustainable, measurable, profitable as well as accessible.This subsidiary is also responsible to gather market information in Malaysia market and distribute the company product to neighbouring countries such as Thai, Singapore, Indonesia and Brunei. The subsidiary is responsible to keep close contact with the retailers in these countries.After establishing the distribution network, it is more important to ensure the product is acceptable by the consumers. The marketing department must understand that the company long-term objective is to move from core value to augmented value. Therefore, the media department must develop the advertising message that suits the taste of the target interview as well as meeting the company long-term objective. Furthermore, the message must be informative, educate and entertain.In this point of time, I think the advertising theme must focus on introducing the public to the benefit of LTK Omega 3 enriched egg. The select of media is also important when developing brand equity. It is a prudent move to place some advertisements in the health magazine in these countries. Besides, the company can place some advertisements in selected local newspapers and radios stations. If the budget allocation allows, the company can consider placing advertisement on television. Whatever said and done, I think it is more appropriate to employ local agencies to handle the advertising activities since they are more familiar as well as more efficient. Below is seek of advertisements that LTK has applied in the local context.The marketing department must monitor the performance of the advertising agencies from time to time or apply the payment based on performance scheme to motivate the agencies to put in more apparent motion or pull up their socks.Promotion campaign is equally important to stimulate trial for this product. The trial is very important because it will enable the company to portrait the superior quality of the egg and relate it to the brand name. The think promotion campaign that I intend to carry out is the demo session in major supermarket and hypermarket.In this demo, I will show the audience how different is the LTK Omega egg from ordinary eggs. It is totally different in term of colour and elasticity of the yolk5. You can pick up the yolk of LTK Omega egg from the albumen and the yolk will not break or burst. This demo can be recorded and broadcast in the TV as part of the advertising campaign too. On the other hand, the company can also visit school and give away free bookmark and assay to the students when they are having cooking classes. In the supermarket, the company can employ sandwich man dress up like Humpty -Dumpy. Besides during Easter day, LTK can do promotion like buy 12 eggs and get an Easter egg for free.Publicity is the most convincing tool for LTK Omega egg to deport the consumers to purchase the product. The company should invite nutritionist to do scientific research and tell the public that whether LTK Omega eggs is really as good as the company claim. The consumer movement groups and the public watchdogs are also invited to examine the quality of the product. If their comments are positive, then LTK Omega egg will easily penetrate into the Asia market. promotional material serve two purposes for LTK Omega egg. First of all, it will protect the egg and maintain its freshness. Secondly, the packaging can reflect the augmented feeling if it is nice decorated. However the company must bear in mind that the packaging must be environmental friendly and recyclable too. The target consumers in these countries are very much concerned with environmental issues like plastic container and too much paper wrappers.On top of that, the company should establish global web site, regional web site as well as country web site to provide he alth concern consumers about health facts pertaining to LTK Omega eggs. tracing box must be prepared to keep in touch with consumers. Furthermore, the company can do on-line delivery to enlarge the distribution coverage.Lastly, LTK should enlarge the distribution channel to make this product easily available to the target market. There should be more state division wholesalers to support the distribution effort of LTK.Chapter 10 Implementation, Evaluation and ControlAlthough all the strategic plan has been laid down in detail, the implementation is equally important to enable the plan to be carried out smoothly. All the tasks must be delegated accordingly. On top of that, there must be coordinating mechanism to facilitate decision-making process. Above and beyond, there must not be any breakdown in communication within each level and within departments as well. There should be weekly piece of music and meeting to exchange ideas on improving the organisation activities. The Kaizen Methodology is very good in turning LTK into a learning organisation.Since there is a preset quantitative objective, it is possible to evaluate the actual performance against the preset standard. If the difference is too wide, corrective measurement must be taken.Other than comparing the actual result with the preset standard, LTK can measure the performance based on other sources such as customers feedback, retail take stock, distributors feedback, survey and toll free calls.In conclusion, the strategic plan must be review from time to time because the business environment is always dynamic and volatile in nature. The holistic audit of various aspects will definitely benefit the company with coming out a more complete strategic plan.

Rhetorical Advertisement Analysis Essay

Teen pregnancy is one of the most serious issues in the American society. ternary in ten teen young women get pregnant before their twenties. We have heard about the bad consequences of teen pregnancy in movies, splatter shows, news, and many other social media. The Candies Foundation Organization is a non-profit physical composition that tries change the way youth in America thinks about teen pregnancy and pargonnthood. This governing decided to use advertizements to persuade teenagers to consider the consequences of having a tyke. Therefore, I chose an advertisement from this organization. And I am here to tell you that this advertisement is so efficacious that it is likely to reach its intended auditory modality.The advertisement is composed of two parts equ anyy. On the left side, it is a depicting of a female laurels with a serious facial expression. On the right side, it is a question written in large font with a small text and an moving-picture show of a cheat be low it. The question is Not really the way you pictured your first crib, huh? The crib has a simple design. The advertisement is basically black and pureness with a touch of a hot pink color. This color only appears in the name of the organization, which is at the bottom of the portrait, and parts of the question.The rhetorical appeals are include in the advertisement to persuade the listening to think about whether or not they are ready to have a baby. The Candies Foundation Organization uses poignance to appeal to both women and mans emotions and gain further support for their foundation. It uses sex and emotional appeals and made the advertisement engaging not only to men, unless also to women.It uses a more mainstream and modern sex appeal to send the message to its intended audience. There are few advertisements that include a portrait of a female celebrity in them. However, this organization used the advantage that celebrities draw audiences attention. It used a celebrity c alled Fergie, who is a well-known(a) singer and actress in the modern days. In fact, the portrait success full moony made the ad to appeal only to teenagers. While the portrait is attention catching by taking up half of the advertisement, the organization simply used the celebritys facial expression as an emotional appeal.The celebritys caseful is made more beautiful with a touch of make-up focusing on the eyes. The advertisement gains more attention with this portrait for the simple fact that the celebrity is looking straight at the audience. However, the celebrity is not smiling or staring at the audience. It is only a conventional look, in fact, the one that plenty give when they are talking to someone. It is this look and the emotion she lacks, that creates a strong feeling in the audience. It is also this look that attracts perfectly the audiences full attention for the advertisement.The celebrity, a female, to the point, adds credibility to the advertisement because a femal e voice has more strength than a males in this situation. Men are always interested in their opposite sex. Women always have the feelings of jealousy and insecurity. Furthermore, the organization effectively opens the advertisement for all genders by using a female celebrity. Now, the advertisement not only attracts teen girls attention, but also boys. The organization also uses ethos to appeal a personality in the message. The combination of colors adds a special effect to the advertisement, making it much easier for the audience to relate the portrait with the text. Since the celebritys picture is gray and white, it mirrors the question perfectly.As soon as the picture captures the audiences attention, the attractive color automatically pulls the attention toward the question. The contrast of the colors used in this advertisement effectively brings out the advertisements own mien. It uses a hot-pink color and white for the question and a dark black color as background. Hot-pink c olor lover or not, the style surely catches the attention of everybody. The white color also stands out in the dark black background, highlighting the question and giving it more importance. An image of a babys crib also lies right below the question, which adds more credibility to the advertisement. The organization is not using an image of a decorative crib in this situation. In fact, it uses an image of a traditional crib.It made the crib look simple, original, and plain, in order to appeal to teenagers rather than adults. I consider that the organization assumes that having an image of a crib in the advertisement will lead the audience to realize the message in depth. Therefore, I consider that they are moderate with their assumptions. The crib image does make the question more thoughtful and it encourages teenagers to think seriously about the difficulties of having a child. Unlike other advertisements, the Candies Foundation uses a individual(a) question to deliver their mes sage. Not really the way you pictured your first crib, huh? By using logos, this advertisement leads the audience to question themselves about their sexual decisions. The make word, crib, has a double meaning of home and babys crib.The exclamation, huh, has a strong sense of interrogation. The combination of these two words gives a better expression and power to the question. Because the advertisement is targeting teenagers instead of adults, the word huh precisely adds credibility to the question. Using logos and ethos, the question is being asked properly along with an image of a baby crib that strikes fear into the audience. After the audience read the question, automatically they start thinking about few general propositions such as Do I want to give a home like this one for my baby? Can I afford all the expenses of having a baby? Do I have a permanent job? Am I old enough? Am I ready to be a mother? Am I ready to be a father? Do I really want a baby at all? Without doubt, they will answer NO.The organization did not ask the audience these questions directly nor gave any quantitative facts about babies. However, it used logos to make its audience reason logically and then the audience themselves can draw a specific truth from the propositions they have made. After the audience had thought about the question, they needs agree with the truth that the advertisement carries. In conclusion, this advertisement is effective. It is strong, meaningful, and attractive at the same time.The rhetorical appeals included have successfully persuaded its intended audience to maintain teen pregnancy. The great combination of pathos, ethos, and logos that the organization used in this advertisement builds a positive thought that will stay in the audiences mind for a long time. This thought deeply discourages teenagers to have sex. This thought can also be a motivation for parents to advise their children and furthermore, the organization gains more outside supports to dec rease teen pregnancy growth.

Social Stratification

research What are the causes of social social stratification in the Caribbean? Throughout our lives, there must have been some appoint of categorization whether your complexion or financial status. Even in todays society, people are judged and put into groups based on their race or compensate sometimes religion. This is known as cordial Stratification. This that could not be possible without a diversed Caribbean that is present today. Cultural Diversity then speaks well-nigh the different ethnic traditions much(prenominal) as custom, race and language that are found in the society. con for example Jamaica that has a motto Out of Many One People. This can be seen as a perfect example as many different races or ethnic groups reside in Jamaica and widely the Caribbean. As a result, a means of friendly Stratification takes place in the society. Mohammad (2007) states that it is a ranking system which organizes or places persons in the society in a hierarchy. In addition, it ca n be sort as a characteristic of society as it appears to be present in well-nigh of our Caribbean islands.Although this is viewed as a form of inequality, the system was derived from events that took place some years ago. The main causes of social stratification are the Plantation System, Emancipation and Social Mobility. Historically, this system started on the fields of the sugar plantation. The persons who toiled in the yearning sun in the fields were known as slaves and were viewed as the lesser people. Their masters however were the opposite as they had all the power and wealth so they were seen as more highly and unspoilt individuals.A distinction between them had begun as the gap between them had gotten bigger due to the mobility of the masters. A hierarchy was built and the slaves could be seen at the bottom due to the bias judgment of the pigment of their skin. During this period of accounting according to Greenwood (2003), a middle class was also developed owning to the fact that not all persons were classified as slaves or whites. Therefore a middle class was now a part of the hierarchy and they were called the mulattos.These sets of people were still judged on the colour of their skin and the materialistic things that they owned. This brought much segregation and division among them because of the differing cultures and the whites believe that they were better than others around them. Emancipation which took place years after the Plantation System with the slaves also helped with Social stratification that most Caribbean islands are experiencing now. Emancipation is the period in history when many of the African slaves got freed. despite the fact that freeing the slaves was indeed an advantage to them, it brought a negative effect. With freedom came the advantage of schooling and getting educated, however not many persons were able to go forward with it. There was a division among the Blacks or the ex-slaves as only the better ones were able to get the chance to be taught. When this took place, many of the ex-slaves felt that they were lesser than even their own race or group and so there was categorizing present as even the whites were then divided into two groups, the Petite and the Blancs.This caused much hatred among them as social status do them feel as though they were superior to others. With the use of the hierarchy, there must have been some front line of persons whether up or down the ranking of the social ladder. This is known as social mobility which even in todays society it is taking place. It is even taking place as we speak. Mohammed (2007) states Education is the radical means of accessing social mobility throughout the region (p. 65). It is through education that most of the Caribbean leaders rise to such high authority or positions.Even in todays society, it is the persons who are wealthy and are of light complexion that gets recognition for jobs and positions. Everyone else who falls below that, is classified as poor and is in the depress class on the hierarchy. Weber argues that social class is primarily based on power, prestige or status. In conclusion it can be said that social stratification all started from the days of thrall and even nowadays persons are still being ranked on race, colour, sex, religion and finance.References Greenwood, R. , Hamber, S. (1980). Arawaks to Africans. Macmillan Publishers Limited Mohammed, J (2007). Caribbean Studies for Cape Examinations. Macmillan Publishers Limited http//wps. prenhall. com/ca_ph_macionis_sociology_5/23/6031/1544046. cw/index. html http//www. youthlinkjamaica. com/cxc/sociology20030916. html http//stmarys. ca/evanderveen/wvdv/class_relations/social_stratification. htm

Case Study †Mandalay Shweyi Co., Ltd.

I wish to express my sincere appreciation to U Aye Kyaw, Managing coach Cum Principal of Myanmar Human Resources Co., Ltd. (MHR). I would like to express my heartfelt thanks and deepest gratitude to my course instructors, Dr. Ohnmar Myint for providing priceless guidance, encouragement and supervision throughout the process of this assignment. I am too deeply thankful to Mandalay Shweyi comp all Limited for the kind permission to involve and analyze their operations. I too would like to express my peculiar(prenominal) thanks to ABE for the opportunity to study for the Post Graduate Diploma through which I have gained a thorough understands of business concepts, idea and hold upledge. Finally, I would like to thank my p bents for their love and support throughout my life. I would also like to thank all my friends for their help in the task of evolution this assignment.Executive SummaryThis assignment focuses A Research on Improving Customer enjoyment and Retention of Mandal ay Shweyi Co., Ltd which is a major manufacturer of alcohol industry and also a nation big foods & beverages market placeer in Myanmar. Customer gladness may be identified as external and internal node happiness of an organisation.The main objectives of this study were foc utilise on external customer rapture, to explore the main diverges of customer happiness and to determine their consanguinitys with customer enjoyment. This paper also intends to present the search methods reflection of customer satisfaction lead to maximize customer satisfaction benefits and pick at the customer dissatisfaction which were ca utilise by customer service and produce quality factors of Herbal afternoon tea Product from Mandalay Shweyi Co., Ltd. someoneal StatementI am a candidate of Postgraduate Diploma in Business anxiety (ABE). I have been severe to complete post-graduate diploma in business fill outment as a bridge to further study for MBA because my aim is to manage either my own business or to be able to successfully manage other businesses. This assignment is requirement for Research Methods and their Applications to Marketing course.Firstly I learnt the business operations and activities of Mandalay Shweyi by interviewing, observation, survey and studying documents. I learned of the vision, mission, business strategies and challenges by interviewing the focussing team and identified business traffic pattern and activities through dialogs with technicians and staff. By preparing this assignment, I can apply the selling research concepts and market concepts which ar cover in ABE courses.This paper displays A Research on Improving Customer Satisfaction and Retention write of Mandalay Shweyi Company. I have tried my best not single reflection on the subjects and experiences but also to meet the assignment designs and constraints. I hereby declare that this assignment is a bonafide work carried out by myself. It has not been submitted to any othe r university or institution for the award of any degree, certified or published any time before.Corporate ProfileAlthough started as a small scale business in 1992, Mandalay Shweyi Co., Ltd. Shweyi has grown into iodin of Myanmars largest alcoholic beverages manufacturers with two distilleries one in Yangon and one in Mandalay. The full crossing portfolio includes 20 products in six different groups. Superior quality is obtained through Shweyis strict quality standards which are use advanced manufacturing process. The ac fellowship was formed with the well experienced distillers, knowledgeable technical experts and engineers from Yangon Institute of Technology. Shweyi is a major manufacturer of alcohol industry and also a nationwide foods & beverages marketer in Myanmar.There are order branch offices in order to cope the whole national market (see Appendix-A). The vision of the company is to provides salubrious foods & beverages to consumers, they produce healthy liquors seri es includes HERBAL RUM and SOBASHOCHU (Buckwheat Liquors). And the company alsomanufactures various kinds of healthy food including Buckwheat products, Honey products and Herbal Tea products.Background of the studyNowadays, bombing of global market order, it becomes to a greater extent and more than competitions in business environment and then customer satisfaction is becoming crucial role to the survival of any business organization. The competitors who will be successful recognize that customer satisfaction is a critical strategical weapon that can bring increased market share and increased profits. Therefore most of the companies all over the world are beginning to realize that customers satisfaction has a direct impact on the bottom line.And then they are trying to develop the unique strategies and sunrise(prenominal) changes to satisfy their customer postulate and wants and strive to exceed their expectations. Measuring customer satisfaction is the most important in diffe rentiating the company. As markets shrink, companies are scrambling to boost customer satisfaction and keep their current customers rather than devoting additional resources to chase potential new customers. The winder to customer property is customer satisfaction.Therefore A Research on Improving Customer Satisfaction and Retention is essential for all business organisations. The need for customer satisfaction measurement is well document and it can increase revenue and profit due to advanceder customer retention.MethodologyThis paper is a encase study of Mandalay Shweyi Co., Ltd. from an inside-out perspective. It attempts to explore the benefits of Customer Satisfaction Survey and how it can provide the company with perspicacity for development and support for future strategic decision making processes.This research was completed to identify what key components affect customer satisfaction at Mandalay Shweyi product. In this research methodology which included research desig n, questionnaires, essay process, data collection method, research timeframe and method of analysis.Research Design Exploratory After getting the permission from companys board of director, Istarted to discuss what factors of Herbal Tea product contribute to customer satisfaction with marketing team. Because of time and budget constraints, I was unable to conduct focus groups or in enlightenment interviews. By doing brainstorming with marketing team, I developed the research design.Descriptive To gain a better consciousness of the problem, and to clarify the research questions, I conducted secary research to discover what experts establish customer satisfaction to be at other food and beverage products. This research allowed me to gain a solid understanding of the business.QuestionnairesAfter developing what factors may lead to customer satisfaction at Herbal Tea product, I began to design a questionnaire to collect primary data from wholesalers and consumers. The type of inst rument used in this research was a five-point likert scale questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into three partings. The initial portion of wholesaler questionnaire included customer service factors, the second section tested the product quality and the last section tested the price and reliability (reliability means that it has no side event on customer) of Herbal Tea product.In the first portion of consumer questionnaire included demographic factors, the second section was asked the product quality and the last section measured the pricing and reliability of Herbal Tea product. The five-point likert scale assigned points 1,2,3,4 and 5. The questionnaire was pre-tested among a group of 25 potential respondents but no major problems were detected. some(prenominal) minor modifications were made to ensure clarity of the items in the final version of the questionnaire (see Appendix-B).Sampling process Data were lay in through survey use a structured questionnaires administ ered to wholesalers and consumers (end-users). The total number of respondents ( warnings) who participated in this research was 149. The sample was separated into two groups. One is wholesalers group (wholesalers, N=58) and the next is consumers group (consumers, N=91). In this research the type of sampling that I used was convenient sampling.Data Collection MethodI collected the primary data by using marketing team and distributing the questionnaires to wholesalers and consumers. After collecting the data, I coded the questionnaire and entered the data into the SPSS parcel system to drop dead statistical tests to analyze the data I collected. I collected the secondary research by finding professional articles and past research.Research Time FrameI compiled a research report that calculatees how to improve customer satisfaction and retention at Mandalay Shweyi. I began my research in October 2010 and started to develop constructs and research hypotheses to answer the research q uestion of what factors influence customer satisfaction at Mandalay Shweyi. In early November I developed my survey by displace the constructs I had previously created into likert scales. In last week of November I surveyed customers in the market, using questionnaire to measure satisfaction, and at early December I ran tests on the data using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 15.0. Method of AnalysisIn this research diagrammatic representations are used to represent the information which included frequencies and correlation coefficient tables, and bar charts (see Appendix-C). Appropriate statistical techniques like descriptive data analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyse and interpret the data.A Literature ReviewMarketing Concept Philip Kotler who is the worlds foremost marketing guru. In his first book, Marketing Management (1967), marketing has been defined as A function of management with scientific rigour, models and sta tistical analysis. The marketing concept in the words of Kotler is Holds that achieving organisational goals depends on determining the inescapably and wants of objective markets and delivering the desired satisfactions more potently and more efficiently than competitors do.Marketing is only one factor in attracting and keeping customers but it cannot fulfill its managerial role unless customer needs and wants are understood and genial. The organisation must try to understand the target markets needs and wants.Needs describe the basic requirements of human, people need food, air, water, clothing, and shelter to survive. good deal also have strong needs for recreation, education, and entertainment. These needs become wants when they are directed to specific objects that dexterity satisfy the need (Philip Kotler, 2006). Marketing StrategyThe aim of any business organisation is to make profit. This can only be achieved by forming an effective marketing dodging which can actually increase double or triple of organisational sales. Marketing Strategy is the set of helps to guidelines and policies used for effectively matching marketing programmes with target market opportunities in order to achieve organisational objectives. Developing marketing strategy includes deciding which customers to target and how to position products and and so forth When forming a marketing strategy, customer satisfaction is really the main goal. And a strategy that does not address the needs of the customers cannot be classified as a good marketing strategy.Marketing MixThe major marketing management decisions can be classified into four categories as follow Product The product is the physical product or service offered to the consumer. Price Pricing decisions should take into account profit margins and the probable pricing repartee of competitors. Place (distribution) Place decisions are those associated with channels of distribution that serve as the means for getting the product to the target customers. Promotion Promotion decisions are those related to communicating and selling to potential consumers. It is useful to know the value of a customer in order to determine whether additional customers are worth the hail of acquiring them.These variables are known as the marketing mix and also referred to as the Four Ps. The marketing mix is the combination of marketing activities that an organisation engages in so as to best meet the needs of its targeted market. The service marketing mix involves analysing the 7p of marketing, involving Product, Price, Place, Promotion, Physical Evidence, Process and People. Most of the firm attempts to perplex a positive response in the target market by blending these four marketing mix variables in an optimal manner.External and uncontrollable environmental factors are very important elements of the marketing strategyPrograms. Therefore Marketing Mix should include customers, environmental variables, and competitive variab les (Kotler, 1984). Marketing ResearchMarketing research is a taxonomic process which may include these steps data gathering, analysis, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information and finally to attention decision making. The main reasons of doing research are to reduce risks, to help in planning and forecasting final results, to attention marketing mix-decisions and to improve decision making capabilities (ABE, Strategic Marketing Management, Study manual). Effective communicating research result on marketing mix is an essential component of the research process. Clear, concise, and cogent reports enable certified effective decision making. For this reason marketing research is necessary to measure and track customer satisfaction.Customer SatisfactionCustomer satisfaction is regarded as customers can get more benefits than their cost (Liu and Yen, 2010). In comparison with other traditional mathematical operation measures, customer satisfaction is probably less sensit ive to seasonal fluctuations, changes in costs or changes in accounting practices (Kotler, 2006). Therefore, many researchers consider customer satisfaction to be the best indicator of a companys future profit. Keeping existing customers is as important as acquiring new ones.The onslaught towards existing customers must be active, based on a separate marketing mix for customer retention (Rozenberg and Czepiel, 1992). Interaction between the one delivering the service and the customer is very important and has direct effect on the service quality and quality perception (Heuvel, 1993). Sales are the most important goal of any commercial enterprise it becomes necessary to satisfy customers. For customer satisfaction it is necessary to establish and claim certain important characteristics likeQuality graceful prices Good customer handling skills Efficient voice communication Serious consideration of consumer complaintsAccording to the Michael Porter (2006), today, more and more comp anies are recognizing the importance of satisfying and retaining current customers. study advantage of customer retention is Acquiring new customers can cost five times more than the costs involved in satisfying and retaining current customers.It requires a great deal of effort to let satisfied customers to switch away from their current suppliers. Customer satisfaction levels can be measured using survey techniques and questionnaires. Getting high levels of customer satisfaction is very important to a business because satisfied customers are most likely to be loyal and to make repeated orders and to use a wide range of services offered by a business.Analysis, Findings and DiscussionTo begin analyzing the Herbal Tea Product data, SPSS version 15.0 was used for statistical testing. In this research descriptive data analysis, frequencies and inferential statistic (Pearson correlation analysis) were used. From the analysis of Descriptive, Frequencies and Pearson correlation, the main findings and raillery can be found as follow.Demography of CustomersThe total number of respondents who participated in this research was 91 consumers and 58 wholesalers. slacken 1 illustrates the demographic data of consumer respondents. Table 1 Demographic data of Customers (Consumers, N=91)Items n %Gender Male 38 41.8Fe masculine 53 58.2Age 20 to 40 41 to 60 61 and to a higher place 39 43 9 42.9 47.3 9.8Monthly Income (Myanmar Kyat) 10,000 to 4,00,000 4,10,000 to 8,00,000 8,10,000 and above 50 33 8 55.0 46.2 9.8As shown in table (1), the respondents consisted of 41.8% male and 58.2% female. Most of the respondents (47.3%) were in the age range of 41 to 60 eld old. 42.9% of the respondents were 20 to 40 years old and only 9.8% of respondents were 61 years old and above. With regard to personal monthly income level, over fractional of the respondents i.e (55%) had the level of (10,000 to 4,00,000) Kyats, whereas another 46.2% of respondents earned (4,10,000 to 8,00,000) Kyats and only 9.8% of respondents had the range of above 8,10,000 Kyats.Frequencies of Consumers SatisfactionFrom the result of descriptive analysis on customer satisfaction (illustrated in Table 2), 29.7% of the consumers were satisfied with Good condition,25.3% were satisfied with Fair condition, 17.6% of consumers were satisfied, 16.5% were satisfied with precise Good condition and only 11% were dissatisfied with Poor condition in quality of products.Table 2Customer satisfaction on product quality, understanding of product and quality of packing (Consumers, N=91) Item Poor Fair Good Very Good ExcellentProduct Quality (%) 11.0 25.3 29.7 16.5 17.6Taste of Product (%) 18.7 24.2 25.3 23.1 8.8Quality of Packing (%) 16.5 25.3 34.1 12.1 12.1The result of finding on taste of products and quality of packing were displayed in Table 2. According to this research we can see most of the consumers are satisfied with 24.2%, 25.3% and 23.1% for fair, good and very good respectively on the taste of products. But 18.7% of consumers were dislike the taste and only 8.8 % of the consumers were totally satisfied for taste. We can also see the frequencies of customer satisfaction on Table 2. Therefore we can conclude that majority consumers are satisfied with quality, taste and packing of the products. Table 3 shows the result of customer satisfaction on price, reliability of product and recommend to other for products.Even though (30.8%) of the respondents perceived that the price of the product were fair, another 33% were no comment (neither agree nor disagree) on price. However it was found that a significant total of 36.3% did not perceived price as fair. We can draw a conclusion that the price is not fair for most of respondents and we need to adjust the pricing strategy because pricing is one of the most important elements of the marketing mix and pricing a product too high or too low could mean a loss of sales for the organisation.For reliability (cannot side effect to consu mer) of product, (38.5%) of consumers were neither agree nor disagree and a total of (34.1%) of the consumers were strongly reliable on product. But (27.5%) of consumers were not reliable on product. According to this result, we need to develop the product to get more reliable from customers.Table 3Customer satisfaction on price, reliability of product and recommend to other (Consumers, N=91) Item Strongly disagree Disagree uncomplete Agree nor Disagree Agree Strongly AgreeFair Price (%) 16.5 19.8 33.0 14.3 16.5Reliability of Product (%) 12.1 15.4 38.5 24.2 9.9Recommend to other (%) 5.5 20.9 26.4 30.8 16.5Frequencies of Wholesalers SatisfactionTable 4 shows the result of wholesalers satisfaction on service quality. From this result most of the respondents of (20.7%, 39.7% and 12.1%) were felt neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, somewhat satisfied, completely satisfied respectively for on time delivery. According to this analysis we found that most of the respondents were satisfied for on time delivery. But 15.5% of respondents were felt completely dissatisfied and 12.1% of respondents were also felt somewhat dissatisfied for on time delivery. If we want to maintain our customer satisfaction and retention we should care dissatisfied customers by doing effective service recovery which can improve their satisfaction level.Half of the customers were felt neither satisfied nor dissatisfied on sale management. Completely dissatisfied was not found at sale management. For sale persons dealing, we found most of the customers were satisfied and only 1.7% of respondents were completely dissatisfied. The result of non-defect performance revealed that only 1.7% was defected. Mostly they were performed without defect.Table 4Customer satisfaction on Service Quality (Wholesalers, N=58) Item Completely Dissatisfied Somewhat Dissatisfied Neither Satisfied nor Dissatisfied Somewhat Satisfied Completely SatisfiedOn Time Delivery (%) 15.5 12.1 20.7 39.7 12.1Sale Management (%) 0 17.2 51.7 24.1 6.9Sale Persons Dealing (%) 1.7 13.8 32.8 41.4 10.3Non-Defect Performance (%) 1.7 20.7 44.8 27.6 5.2Hypothesis Testing and Results Table 5 Hypothesis 1 There is relationship between product quality and customer satisfaction Variable Pearson Correlation, r Significant, p Mean measure Deviation Product Quality .276(**) .008 3.04 1.255 ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)